Hurdling the Barriers to Effective Communication

This article appeared in the GAO Review, Vol. 15, Issue 1, Winter 1980. Communication is a process in which commonly understood verbal and nonverbal symbols are used to convey meaning. Several factors contribute to reducing communication effectiveness. One such barrier is the assumption that words have only one meaning. The level of abstraction of a word also affects communication effectiveness. The higher the level of abstraction, the greater the chance for a misunderstanding because abstract words such as good, bad, right, or wrong mean different things to different people. Attitudes also affect communication. When one feels that a person is worth listening to, he listens more actively and communication is enhanced. An active listener looks at the person who is speaking, nods, sometimes takes notes, and restates what has been said. In addition to making a conscious effort to improve communications, it is helpful to elicit feedback from those with whom one is communicating. By being aware of the role of verbal and nonverbal behaviors in the communications process and removing the barriers, more effective communication is possible.