This is the accessible text file for GAO report number GAO-02-511R 
entitled 'Preliminary Information on Proposal for Next-Day Destruction 
of Records Generated by the National Instant Criminal Background Check 
System (NICS)' which was released on March 11, 2002. 

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GAO-02-511R: 

United States General Accounting Office: 
Washington, DC 20548: 

March 11, 2002: 

The Honorable Richard J. Durbin: 
Chairman: 
Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Restructuring, and 
the District of Columbia: 
Committee on Governmental Affairs: 
United States Senate: 

Subject: Preliminary Information on Proposal for Next-Day Destruction 
of Records Generated by the National Instant Criminal Background Check 
System (NICS): 

Dear Senator Durbin: 

Based on an interim briefing that we provided to your office on 
February 28, 2002, this letter responds to your request for 
preliminary information about how NICS would be affected if records 
related to sales of firearms by licensed dealers were destroyed within 
24 hours after the transfers were allowed to proceed. By law, licensed 
dealers generally are not to transfer firearms to an individual until 
a NICS search determines that the transfer will not violate applicable 
federal and state law.[Footnote 1] For instance, persons prohibited by 
federal law from receiving a firearm include convicted felons, 
fugitives, unlawful drug users, and aliens illegally or unlawfully in 
the United States. Under current NICS regulations, records of allowed 
firearms sales can be retained for up to 90 days, after which the 
records must be destroyed. On July 6, 2001, the Department of Justice 
(DOJ) published proposed changes to the NICS regulations that would 
reduce the maximum retention period from 90 days to less than 1 day 
for records of allowed firearms sales.[Footnote 2] 

The information in this letter must be considered preliminary and is 
based on data provided by Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 
officials at the NICS Program Office in Clarksburg, West Virginia, and 
interviews with agency officials. Our review is still ongoing, and we 
have not fully reviewed or verified the FBI's information. 

According to NICS officials, after a gun sale is allowed to proceed, 
the FBI may receive information from a state or local law enforcement 
agency, a court, or other source showing that the purchaser should 
have been prohibited from possessing a firearm. In such cases, after a 
NICS examiner confirms the prohibiting offense, available records 
(retained under the 90-day retention policy) are to be used to: 

* identify and contact the licensed dealer to verify whether a firearm 
was actually transferred to the prohibited person and, if so, 

*	notify (1) the local police department, as determined by the 
purchaser's address and (2) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and 
Firearms (ATF). 

In each of these instances, ATF guidance then requires that an 
investigation be initiated and that attempted retrieval of the firearm 
be coordinated with state or local law enforcement to ensure public 
safety. 

According to FBI officials, retained records that were more than 1 day 
old but less than 90 days old were used to initiate over 100 firearm-
retrieval actions in the 4month period beginning July 3, 2001 (when 
the current 90-day retention policy became effective) through October 
2001.[Footnote 3] Thus, next-day destruction of NICS records could 
inhibit the ability of law enforcement to retrieve firearms from 
persons who were approved to purchase firearms but should not have been.
We are continuing to study the firearm-retrieval implications 
associated with next-day destruction of NICS records. Also, we are 
continuing to study other potential effects on various aspects of NICS 
operations. 

We provided a draft of this letter for comment to DOJ. On March 8, 
2002, Justice's Audit Liaison Office (Justice Management Division) 
provided us with an e-mail response, which stated that DOJ was still 
deliberating on how to finalize the proposed rule. Thus, according to 
the response, it would be inappropriate for DOJ to comment at this 
time concerning the preliminary conclusion drawn in the draft letter.
Further, DOJ noted that its reluctance to comment does not necessarily 
mean that the department agrees with the substance or content of the 
letter. DOJ did not raise issues concerning the data reported in this 
letter. 

As arranged with your office, unless you publicly announce its 
contents earlier, we plan no further distribution of this letter until 
30 days after its date. At that time, we will make copies available to 
other interested parties upon request. 

Please contact me at (202) 512-8777 or Danny R. Burton at (214) 777-
5600, if you or your staff have any questions. Other key contributors 
to this letter were R. Eric Erdman, Geoffrey R. Hamilton, Jan B. 
Montgomery, and Linda K Willard. 

Sincerely yours, 

Signed by: 

Laurie E. Ekstrand: 
Director, Justice Issues: 

[End of section] 

Footnotes: 

[1] In an earlier report, we provided you with a detailed overview of 
NICS operations. See U.S. General Accounting Office, Gun Control: 
Options for Improving the National Instant Criminal Background Check 
System, [hyperlink, http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO/GGD-00-56] 
(Washington, D.C.: Apr. 12, 2000). 

[2] Generally, the proposed changes to the NICS regulations would 
require next-day destruction of records. More specifically, the 
proposed changes would require that records related to allowed 
firearms transfers be destroyed before the start of the next business 
day following the date on which a "proceed' message allowing the 
transfer was received by the licensed dealer that requested the NICS 
search. The NICS business day starts at 8:00 a.m. and runs until 1:00 
a.m. 

[3] According to the officials, the FBI processed a total of about 1.5 
million NICS transactions during this 4-month period. 

[End of section]