Survey of Local Growth Issues

Survey of Local Growth Issues (RCED-00-272, September 2000)

How much has this federal tax policy helped your community plan for and manage growth over the last 5 years: businesses can get federal tax benefits for locating in selected central cities and other designated areas, which affects infill development? Number of Cases

No impact Somewhat helpful Very helpful Extremely helpful Not applicable or uncertain No answer

Alabama Counties 26.7 26.7 6.7 0 40.0 0 15

Cities 30.0 30.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 0 10

Alaska Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 100.0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Arizona Counties 50.0 16.7 16.7 0 16.7 0 6

Cities 57.1 21.4 0 0 21.4 0 14

Arkansas Counties 10.0 20.0 10.0 0 60.0 0 10

Cities 54.5 0 18.2 9.1 18.2 0 11

California Counties 40.7 14.8 0 0 44.4 0 27

Cities 55.4 9.2 4.1 3.1 28.2 0 195

Colorado Counties 50.0 20.0 0 0 30.0 0 10

Cities 55.6 11.1 5.6 5.6 22.2 0 18

Connecticut Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 41.7 16.7 16.7 8.3 16.7 0 12

Delaware Counties 0 50.0 0 0 50.0 0 2

Cities 66.7 33.3 0 0 0 0 3

District of Columbia Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 0 0 0 0 100.0 0 1

Florida Counties 31.0 24.1 6.9 3.4 34.5 0 29

Cities 54.1 14.8 8.2 3.3 16.4 3.3 61

Georgia Counties 34.2 10.5 5.3 0 50.0 0 38

Cities 61.5 7.7 7.7 7.7 15.4 0 13

Idaho Counties 50.0 0 0 0 50.0 0 2

Cities 60.0 20.0 0 0 20.0 0 5

Illinois Counties 55.0 20.0 10.0 0 15.0 0 20

Cities 58.1 12.9 9.7 1.6 17.7 0 62

Indiana Counties 30.8 19.2 7.7 0 42.3 0 26

Cities 45.0 0 15.0 5.0 35.0 0 20

Iowa Counties 28.6 0 28.6 28.6 14.3 0 7

Cities 50.0 25.0 12.5 0 12.5 0 16

Kansas Counties 28.6 14.3 0 0 57.1 0 7

Cities 58.3 16.7 8.3 0 16.7 0 12

Kentucky Counties 45.5 9.1 18.2 0 18.2 9.1 11

Cities 62.5 12.5 0 12.5 12.5 0 8

Louisiana Counties 21.4 21.4 14.3 7.1 35.7 0 14

Cities 20.0 40.0 10.0 0 30.0 0 10

Maine Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 0 0 50.0 0 50.0 0 2

Maryland Counties 50.0 10.0 0 0 40.0 0 10

Cities 33.3 33.3 33.3 0 0 0 6

Massachusetts Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 33.3 13.3 13.3 3.3 30.0 6.7 30

Michigan Counties 10.0 15.0 25.0 5.0 45.0 0 20

Cities 45.5 9.1 6.1 6.1 33.3 0 33

Minnesota Counties 33.3 13.3 6.7 0 46.7 0 15

Cities 60.0 12.0 0 0 28.0 0 25

Mississippi Counties 44.4 0 0 11.1 44.4 0 9

Cities 44.4 11.1 0 11.1 22.2 11.1 9

Missouri Counties 22.2 27.8 11.1 0 33.3 5.6 18

Cities 38.9 16.7 5.6 5.6 33.3 0 18

Montana Counties 50.0 0 0 0 50.0 0 2

Cities 20.0 0 0 0 80.0 0 5

Nebraska Counties 50.0 0 0 0 50.0 0 6

Cities 40.0 0 20.0 0 40.0 0 5

Nevada Counties 50.0 0 0 0 50.0 0 2

Cities 50.0 16.7 0 0 33.3 0 6

New Hampshire Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 80.0 0 0 0 20.0 0 5

New Jersey Counties 38.5 30.8 7.7 0 23.1 0 13

Cities 46.2 19.2 11.5 11.5 11.5 0 26

New Mexico Counties 50.0 0 0 0 50.0 0 4

Cities 71.4 0 0 0 28.6 0 7

New York Counties 46.4 7.1 7.1 7.1 32.1 0 28

Cities 10.0 40.0 25.0 0 20.0 5.0 20

North Carolina Counties 46.4 10.7 7.1 0 35.7 0 28

Cities 25.0 43.8 6.3 0 25.0 0 16

North Dakota Counties 25.0 25.0 0 25.0 25.0 0 4

Cities 50.0 0 25.0 0 25.0 0 4

Ohio Counties 24.2 12.1 15.2 6.1 39.4 3.0 33

Cities 48.8 22.0 4.9 2.4 22.0 0 41

Oklahoma Counties 10.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 50.0 0 10

Cities 40.0 20.0 0 10.0 30.0 0 10

Oregon Counties 50.0 30.0 0 0 20.0 0 10

Cities 80.0 10.0 0 0 10.0 0 10

Pennsylvania Counties 37.0 22.2 11.1 0 29.6 0 27

Cities 35.3 29.4 5.9 17.6 11.8 0 17

Rhode Island Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 33.3 33.3 0 0 33.3 0 3

South Carolina Counties 28.6 21.4 7.1 0 35.7 7.1 14

Cities 45.5 9.1 18.2 0 27.3 0 11

South Dakota Counties 0 0 0 0 100.0 0 1

Cities 100.0 0 0 0 0 0 2

Tennessee Counties 50.0 0 4.5 0 45.5 0 22

Cities 57.1 7.1 7.1 0 28.6 0 14

Texas Counties 34.2 7.9 2.6 5.3 42.1 7.9 38

Cities 50.7 11.0 12.3 2.7 17.8 5.5 73

Utah Counties 100.0 0 0 0 0 0 4

Cities 50.0 16.7 0 0 33.3 0 12

Vermont Counties 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cities 0 100.0 0 0 0 0 1

Virginia Counties 61.3 6.5 0 0 32.3 0 31

Cities 31.3 18.8 6.3 0 43.8 0 16

Washington Counties 25.0 41.7 8.3 0 16.7 8.3 12

Cities 72.7 9.1 0 0 18.2 0 22

West Virginia Counties 50.0 16.7 0 0 33.3 0 6

Cities 25.0 25.0 25.0 0 25.0 0 4

Wisconsin Counties 23.5 17.6 5.9 0 52.9 0 17

Cities 36.4 36.4 9.1 0 18.2 0 22

Wyoming Counties 0 100.0 0 0 0 0 1

Cities 100.0 0 0 0 0 0 2

	How much has this federal tax policy helped your community plan for and manage growth over the last 5 years: businesses can get federal tax benefits for locating in selected central cities and other designated areas, which affects infill development?	Number of Cases
Alabama	Counties	26.7	26.7	6.7	0	40.0	0	15
Cities	30.0	30.0	10.0	10.0	20.0	0	10
Alaska	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Arizona	Counties	50.0	16.7	16.7	0	16.7	0	6
Cities	57.1	21.4	0	0	21.4	0	14
Arkansas	Counties	10.0	20.0	10.0	0	60.0	0	10
Cities	54.5	0	18.2	9.1	18.2	0	11
California	Counties	40.7	14.8	0	0	44.4	0	27
Cities	55.4	9.2	4.1	3.1	28.2	0	195
Colorado	Counties	50.0	20.0	0	0	30.0	0	10
Cities	55.6	11.1	5.6	5.6	22.2	0	18
Connecticut	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	41.7	16.7	16.7	8.3	16.7	0	12
Delaware	Counties	0	50.0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Cities	66.7	33.3	0	0	0	0	3
District of Columbia	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	0	0	0	0	100.0	0	1
Florida	Counties	31.0	24.1	6.9	3.4	34.5	0	29
Cities	54.1	14.8	8.2	3.3	16.4	3.3	61
Georgia	Counties	34.2	10.5	5.3	0	50.0	0	38
Cities	61.5	7.7	7.7	7.7	15.4	0	13
Idaho	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Cities	60.0	20.0	0	0	20.0	0	5
Illinois	Counties	55.0	20.0	10.0	0	15.0	0	20
Cities	58.1	12.9	9.7	1.6	17.7	0	62
Indiana	Counties	30.8	19.2	7.7	0	42.3	0	26
Cities	45.0	0	15.0	5.0	35.0	0	20
Iowa	Counties	28.6	0	28.6	28.6	14.3	0	7
Cities	50.0	25.0	12.5	0	12.5	0	16
Kansas	Counties	28.6	14.3	0	0	57.1	0	7
Cities	58.3	16.7	8.3	0	16.7	0	12
Kentucky	Counties	45.5	9.1	18.2	0	18.2	9.1	11
Cities	62.5	12.5	0	12.5	12.5	0	8
Louisiana	Counties	21.4	21.4	14.3	7.1	35.7	0	14
Cities	20.0	40.0	10.0	0	30.0	0	10
Maine	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	0	0	50.0	0	50.0	0	2
Maryland	Counties	50.0	10.0	0	0	40.0	0	10
Cities	33.3	33.3	33.3	0	0	0	6
Massachusetts	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	33.3	13.3	13.3	3.3	30.0	6.7	30
Michigan	Counties	10.0	15.0	25.0	5.0	45.0	0	20
Cities	45.5	9.1	6.1	6.1	33.3	0	33
Minnesota	Counties	33.3	13.3	6.7	0	46.7	0	15
Cities	60.0	12.0	0	0	28.0	0	25
Mississippi	Counties	44.4	0	0	11.1	44.4	0	9
Cities	44.4	11.1	0	11.1	22.2	11.1	9
Missouri	Counties	22.2	27.8	11.1	0	33.3	5.6	18
Cities	38.9	16.7	5.6	5.6	33.3	0	18
Montana	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Cities	20.0	0	0	0	80.0	0	5
Nebraska	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	6
Cities	40.0	0	20.0	0	40.0	0	5
Nevada	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Cities	50.0	16.7	0	0	33.3	0	6
New Hampshire	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	80.0	0	0	0	20.0	0	5
New Jersey	Counties	38.5	30.8	7.7	0	23.1	0	13
Cities	46.2	19.2	11.5	11.5	11.5	0	26
New Mexico	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	4
Cities	71.4	0	0	0	28.6	0	7
New York	Counties	46.4	7.1	7.1	7.1	32.1	0	28
Cities	10.0	40.0	25.0	0	20.0	5.0	20
North Carolina	Counties	46.4	10.7	7.1	0	35.7	0	28
Cities	25.0	43.8	6.3	0	25.0	0	16
North Dakota	Counties	25.0	25.0	0	25.0	25.0	0	4
Cities	50.0	0	25.0	0	25.0	0	4
Ohio	Counties	24.2	12.1	15.2	6.1	39.4	3.0	33
Cities	48.8	22.0	4.9	2.4	22.0	0	41
Oklahoma	Counties	10.0	20.0	10.0	10.0	50.0	0	10
Cities	40.0	20.0	0	10.0	30.0	0	10
Oregon	Counties	50.0	30.0	0	0	20.0	0	10
Cities	80.0	10.0	0	0	10.0	0	10
Pennsylvania	Counties	37.0	22.2	11.1	0	29.6	0	27
Cities	35.3	29.4	5.9	17.6	11.8	0	17
Rhode Island	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	33.3	33.3	0	0	33.3	0	3
South Carolina	Counties	28.6	21.4	7.1	0	35.7	7.1	14
Cities	45.5	9.1	18.2	0	27.3	0	11
South Dakota	Counties	0	0	0	0	100.0	0	1
Cities	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	2
Tennessee	Counties	50.0	0	4.5	0	45.5	0	22
Cities	57.1	7.1	7.1	0	28.6	0	14
Texas	Counties	34.2	7.9	2.6	5.3	42.1	7.9	38
Cities	50.7	11.0	12.3	2.7	17.8	5.5	73
Utah	Counties	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	4
Cities	50.0	16.7	0	0	33.3	0	12
Vermont	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cities	0	100.0	0	0	0	0	1
Virginia	Counties	61.3	6.5	0	0	32.3	0	31
Cities	31.3	18.8	6.3	0	43.8	0	16
Washington	Counties	25.0	41.7	8.3	0	16.7	8.3	12
Cities	72.7	9.1	0	0	18.2	0	22
West Virginia	Counties	50.0	16.7	0	0	33.3	0	6
Cities	25.0	25.0	25.0	0	25.0	0	4
Wisconsin	Counties	23.5	17.6	5.9	0	52.9	0	17
Cities	36.4	36.4	9.1	0	18.2	0	22
Wyoming	Counties	0	100.0	0	0	0	0	1
Cities	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	2

Note: The percentages in each row add to 100.

To return to the previous page, use the back arrow on your tool bar.

		How much has this federal tax policy helped your community plan for and manage growth over the last 5 years: businesses can get federal tax benefits for locating in selected central cities and other designated areas, which affects infill development?						Number of Cases
		No impact	Somewhat helpful	Very helpful	Extremely helpful	Not applicable or uncertain	No answer	Number of Cases
Alabama	Counties	26.7	26.7	6.7	0	40.0	0	15
Alabama	Cities	30.0	30.0	10.0	10.0	20.0	0	10
Alaska	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Alaska	Cities	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Arizona	Counties	50.0	16.7	16.7	0	16.7	0	6
Arizona	Cities	57.1	21.4	0	0	21.4	0	14
Arkansas	Counties	10.0	20.0	10.0	0	60.0	0	10
Arkansas	Cities	54.5	0	18.2	9.1	18.2	0	11
California	Counties	40.7	14.8	0	0	44.4	0	27
California	Cities	55.4	9.2	4.1	3.1	28.2	0	195
Colorado	Counties	50.0	20.0	0	0	30.0	0	10
Colorado	Cities	55.6	11.1	5.6	5.6	22.2	0	18
Connecticut	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Connecticut	Cities	41.7	16.7	16.7	8.3	16.7	0	12
Delaware	Counties	0	50.0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Delaware	Cities	66.7	33.3	0	0	0	0	3
District of Columbia	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
District of Columbia	Cities	0	0	0	0	100.0	0	1
Florida	Counties	31.0	24.1	6.9	3.4	34.5	0	29
Florida	Cities	54.1	14.8	8.2	3.3	16.4	3.3	61
Georgia	Counties	34.2	10.5	5.3	0	50.0	0	38
Georgia	Cities	61.5	7.7	7.7	7.7	15.4	0	13
Idaho	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Idaho	Cities	60.0	20.0	0	0	20.0	0	5
Illinois	Counties	55.0	20.0	10.0	0	15.0	0	20
Illinois	Cities	58.1	12.9	9.7	1.6	17.7	0	62
Indiana	Counties	30.8	19.2	7.7	0	42.3	0	26
Indiana	Cities	45.0	0	15.0	5.0	35.0	0	20
Iowa	Counties	28.6	0	28.6	28.6	14.3	0	7
Iowa	Cities	50.0	25.0	12.5	0	12.5	0	16
Kansas	Counties	28.6	14.3	0	0	57.1	0	7
Kansas	Cities	58.3	16.7	8.3	0	16.7	0	12
Kentucky	Counties	45.5	9.1	18.2	0	18.2	9.1	11
Kentucky	Cities	62.5	12.5	0	12.5	12.5	0	8
Louisiana	Counties	21.4	21.4	14.3	7.1	35.7	0	14
Louisiana	Cities	20.0	40.0	10.0	0	30.0	0	10
Maine	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maine	Cities	0	0	50.0	0	50.0	0	2
Maryland	Counties	50.0	10.0	0	0	40.0	0	10
Maryland	Cities	33.3	33.3	33.3	0	0	0	6
Massachusetts	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Massachusetts	Cities	33.3	13.3	13.3	3.3	30.0	6.7	30
Michigan	Counties	10.0	15.0	25.0	5.0	45.0	0	20
Michigan	Cities	45.5	9.1	6.1	6.1	33.3	0	33
Minnesota	Counties	33.3	13.3	6.7	0	46.7	0	15
Minnesota	Cities	60.0	12.0	0	0	28.0	0	25
Mississippi	Counties	44.4	0	0	11.1	44.4	0	9
Mississippi	Cities	44.4	11.1	0	11.1	22.2	11.1	9
Missouri	Counties	22.2	27.8	11.1	0	33.3	5.6	18
Missouri	Cities	38.9	16.7	5.6	5.6	33.3	0	18
Montana	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Montana	Cities	20.0	0	0	0	80.0	0	5
Nebraska	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	6
Nebraska	Cities	40.0	0	20.0	0	40.0	0	5
Nevada	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	2
Nevada	Cities	50.0	16.7	0	0	33.3	0	6
New Hampshire	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Hampshire	Cities	80.0	0	0	0	20.0	0	5
New Jersey	Counties	38.5	30.8	7.7	0	23.1	0	13
New Jersey	Cities	46.2	19.2	11.5	11.5	11.5	0	26
New Mexico	Counties	50.0	0	0	0	50.0	0	4
New Mexico	Cities	71.4	0	0	0	28.6	0	7
New York	Counties	46.4	7.1	7.1	7.1	32.1	0	28
New York	Cities	10.0	40.0	25.0	0	20.0	5.0	20
North Carolina	Counties	46.4	10.7	7.1	0	35.7	0	28
North Carolina	Cities	25.0	43.8	6.3	0	25.0	0	16
North Dakota	Counties	25.0	25.0	0	25.0	25.0	0	4
North Dakota	Cities	50.0	0	25.0	0	25.0	0	4
Ohio	Counties	24.2	12.1	15.2	6.1	39.4	3.0	33
Ohio	Cities	48.8	22.0	4.9	2.4	22.0	0	41
Oklahoma	Counties	10.0	20.0	10.0	10.0	50.0	0	10
Oklahoma	Cities	40.0	20.0	0	10.0	30.0	0	10
Oregon	Counties	50.0	30.0	0	0	20.0	0	10
Oregon	Cities	80.0	10.0	0	0	10.0	0	10
Pennsylvania	Counties	37.0	22.2	11.1	0	29.6	0	27
Pennsylvania	Cities	35.3	29.4	5.9	17.6	11.8	0	17
Rhode Island	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rhode Island	Cities	33.3	33.3	0	0	33.3	0	3
South Carolina	Counties	28.6	21.4	7.1	0	35.7	7.1	14
South Carolina	Cities	45.5	9.1	18.2	0	27.3	0	11
South Dakota	Counties	0	0	0	0	100.0	0	1
South Dakota	Cities	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	2
Tennessee	Counties	50.0	0	4.5	0	45.5	0	22
Tennessee	Cities	57.1	7.1	7.1	0	28.6	0	14
Texas	Counties	34.2	7.9	2.6	5.3	42.1	7.9	38
Texas	Cities	50.7	11.0	12.3	2.7	17.8	5.5	73
Utah	Counties	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	4
Utah	Cities	50.0	16.7	0	0	33.3	0	12
Vermont	Counties	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vermont	Cities	0	100.0	0	0	0	0	1
Virginia	Counties	61.3	6.5	0	0	32.3	0	31
Virginia	Cities	31.3	18.8	6.3	0	43.8	0	16
Washington	Counties	25.0	41.7	8.3	0	16.7	8.3	12
Washington	Cities	72.7	9.1	0	0	18.2	0	22
West Virginia	Counties	50.0	16.7	0	0	33.3	0	6
West Virginia	Cities	25.0	25.0	25.0	0	25.0	0	4
Wisconsin	Counties	23.5	17.6	5.9	0	52.9	0	17
Wisconsin	Cities	36.4	36.4	9.1	0	18.2	0	22
Wyoming	Counties	0	100.0	0	0	0	0	1
Wyoming	Cities	100.0	0	0	0	0	0	2