Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the conditions of the U.S. Economic Support Fund program for the Sudan, focusing on balance-of-payments assistance.

GAO noted that assistance to Sudan was: (1) in the form of cash transfers and commodity import financing, which included allocations for petroleum imports; and (2) conditional on the Sudan's compliance with the International Monetary Fund arrangement. GAO found that the Sudan achieved limited progress in: (1) complying with the Agency for International Development's conditions for assistance to the private sector; (2) managing public sector companies or phasing out inefficient enterprises; (3) increasing the generation and management of foreign exchange; and (4) increasing the generation of domestic revenue. GAO also found that the Sudan achieved considerable progress in improving the management of public utilities.