Key Issues > Duplication & Cost Savings
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Improving Efficiency and Effectiveness

Here you will find areas of fragmentation, overlap, and duplication, as well as opportunities for cost savings and revenue enhancement for the federal government. This body of work is in response to the statutory requirement that GAO identify and report annually on federal programs, agencies, offices and initiatives which have duplicative goals or activities. You can read our reports and track our "actions" - specific suggestions for improvement - across all three reports using GAO's Action Tracker.

View the 2013 Annual Report

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This third annual report for 2013 identifies an additional 31 areas where agencies may be able to achieve greater efficiencies or effectiveness. Within these 31 areas, we identify 81 actions that the executive branch and Congress could take to reduce fragmentation, overlap, and duplication, as well as other cost savings and revenue enhancement opportunities.


Use GAO's Action Tracker

In addition to identifying new areas, and consistent with the commitment expressed in our prior reports, GAO has continued to monitor the progress executive branch agencies and Congress have made in addressing the areas previously identified. This publicly accessible, online search tool tracks and provides the implementation status of every suggested action that GAO identified in its three annual reports. To date:

  • 65 actions have been addressed,
  • 149 actions have been partially addressed, and
  • 85 actions have not been addressed.

As the fiscal pressures facing the nation continue to mount, so too does the need for executive branch agencies and Congress to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of government programs and activities. Opportunities to take such action exist in areas where federal programs or activities are fragmented, overlapping, or duplicative. To highlight these challenges and to inform government decision makers on actions that could be taken to address them, GAO is statutorily required to identify and report annually to Congress on federal programs, agencies, offices, and initiatives, either within departments or governmentwide, that have duplicative goals or activities. In light of today's challenging fiscal environment, we have also identified additional opportunities to achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness, by means of cost savings or enhancing revenue collection.

In March 2011 and February 2012, we issued our first two annual reports in this series, which presented 131 areas and approximately 300 actions where opportunities existed for executive branch agencies or Congress to reduce fragmentation, overlap, or duplication; achieve cost savings; or enhance revenue. Figure 1 outlines the definitions we used for fragmentation, overlap, and duplication for this work.

Figure 1: Definitions of Fragmentation, Overlap, and Duplication

Duplication Definitions

Video

In his April 9, 2013, testimony to the U.S. House of Representatives, Comptroller General Gene Dodaro provides an overview of GAO's 2013 Annual Report on opportunities to reduce fragmentation, overlap, and duplication and achieve other financial benefits for the federal government. The Comptroller General also follows up on progress from GAO's 2012 and 2011 Annual Reports.

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Audio interview by GAO staff with Orice Williams Brown, Managing Director, FMCI

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  • Portrait of Orice Williams Brown
    • Orice Williams Brown
    • Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment
    • williamso@gao.gov
    • 202-512-8678
  • Portrait of Nikki Clowers
    • Nikki Clowers
    • Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment
    • clowersa@gao.gov
    • 202-512-8678